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1 j Bc¡ma, Y¡L¡z  9/10/2017”

The Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 Hl d¡l¡ 43 ¢e−jÀ A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe q−m¡x

“43.  Negotiable  instrument  made,  etc.,  without consideration-  A  negotiable  instrument  made, drawn, accepted, indorsed or transferred without consideration, or for a consideration which fails, creates  no  obligation  of  payment  between  the parties to the transaction. But if any such party has transferred  the  instrument  with  or  without indorsement  to  a  holder  for  consideration,  such holder, and every subsequent holder deriving title from him, may recover the amount due on such

œ²¢jL ew  a¡¢lM  −e¡V J B−cn

instrument from the transferor for consideration or any prior party thereto.

Exception  I-  No  party  for  whose accommodation a negotiable instrument has been made, drawn, accepted or indorsed can, if he have paid  the  amount  thereof,  recover  thereon  such amount from any person who became a party to such instrument for his accommodation.

Exception II- No party to the instrument who has induced any other party to make, draw, accept, indorse  or  transfer  the  same  to  him  for  a consideration  which  he  has  failed  to  pay  or perform in full shall recover thereon an amount exceeding the value of the consideration (if any)

which he has actually paid or performed. ”

Ef¢l¢õ¢Ma d¡l¡ 43 fkÑ¡−m¡Qe¡u H¢V Ly¡−Ql j−a¡ Øfø ®k, fZ ab¡ ¢h¢eju (consideration) R¡s¡ fÐÙ¹¤aL«a, B−cnL«a, pÇj¢aL«a, üaÅ¡¢fÑa (endorsement) ¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ c¢mm h¡ ®QL frN−Zl j−dÉ ®L¡e c¡u-c¡¢uaÅ pª¢ø L−le¡z ab¡ Hl©f ®QL ¢c−u The Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 Hl 138 d¡l¡u ®j¡LŸj¡ c¡−ul Ll¡ k¡ue¡z

…l¦aÄf§ZÑ  ¢hd¡u   The  Negotiable  Instrument  Act,

1881 d¡l¡ 118 …l¦aÄf§ZÑ ¢hd¡u ¢e−jÀ A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe q−m¡x

“118.  Presumptions  as  to  negotiable  instruments  of consideration-  Until  the  contrary  is  proved,  the  following presumptions shall be made:

1.   That every negotiable instrument was made or drawn for  consideration,  and  that  every  such  instrument, when  it  has  been  accepted,  indorsed,  negotiated  or transferred,  was  accepted,  indorsed,  negotiated  or transferred for consideration.

as to date;

2.   that every negotiable instrument bearing a date was made or drawn on such date;

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as to time of acceptance;

3.   That  every  accepted  bill  of  exchange  was  accepted

within a reasonable time after its date and before its maturity;

as to time of transfer;

4.     that  every  transfer  of  a  negotiable  instrument  was

made before its maturity;

as to order of indorsement;

5.   that  the  indorsements  appearing  upon  a  negotiable instrument  were  made  in  the  order  in  which  they

appear thereon;

as to stamp;

6.    that a lost promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque was duly stamped;
7.   that the holder of a negotiable instrument is a holder

in due course: provided that, where the instrument has

been  obtained  from  its  lawful  owner,  or  from  any

person  in  lawful  custody  thereof,  by  means  of  an

offence or fraud, or has been obtained from the maker

or acceptor by means of an offence or fraud, or for

unlawful consideration, the burden of providing that

the holder is a holder in due course lies upon him. ”

“118| wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wjj m¤úwK©Z AbywgwZ K) cÖwZ`vb m¤úwK©Z; L) ZvwiL m¤úwK©Z; M) m¤§wZi mgq; N) qÙ¹¡¿¹−ll mgq; O) ¯^Z¡vc©‡Yi Av‡`k; P) ó¨v¤ú m¤úwK©Z; Q) aviK, h_vwenxZ aviK;|-

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11. cÖ‡Z¨KwU wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wjj c‡Yiwewbg‡qf ÐÙ¹¤a ev Avw`ó nq; Ges Dnv hLbm¤§wZ`vbK…Z, ¯^Z¡vwc©Z, wewbgqK…Z ev qÙ¹¡¿¹¢la nq, ZLb c‡Yi Rb¨B m¤§wZ`vbK…Z, ¯^Z¡vwc©Z, wewbgqK…Z ev qÙ¹¡¿¹¢la nq;
12.   cÖwZwU wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wj‡j Dwj- wLZ Zvwi‡LB fÐÙ¹¤a ev Av‡`kK…Z

nBqv‡Q;

13.   cÖwZwU m¤§wZ`vbK…Z wewbgq wej Dnv‡Z D- wj wLZ ZvL wii ‡ ci Ges

c~Y©Zvi c~‡e© hyw³m½Z mg‡qi g‡a¨ m¤§wZ`vbK…Z nBqv‡Q;

14. wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wj‡ji cÖwZwU qÙ¹¡¿¹l c~Y©Zvi c‚‡e© m¤úbœ nBqv‡Q;
15. cÖwZwU wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wj‡j †h µg-¯^Z¡vc©Y cwi`…ó nqD ,n v D³ µ‡gB Kiv nBqv‡Q;
16.   GKwU nviv‡bv A½xKvicÎ, wewbgq wej ev †PK h_vh_fv‡e ó¨v¤úhy³ wQj;

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17.   wewbgq‡hvM¨ `wj‡ji aviK GKRb h_vwenxZ aviK; Z‡e kZ© _v‡K †h,

‡hB †¶‡Î `wjjwU Dnvi ‰ea ¯^Z¡vwaKvixi wKsev AvBbMZ ‡ndvRZKvixi

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h_wenxZ aviK Zvnv Zvnv‡KB cÖgvY Kwi‡Z nB‡e” |

Ef¢l¢õ¢Ma d¡l¡ pqS plm f¡−W H¢V Ly¡−Ql ja üµR ®k, ¢iæ¢LR¤ fËj¡¢Za  e¡  qJu¡  fkÑ¿¹  ¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ  c¢mm  ab¡  ®QL,  f−Zl (consideration)  ¢h¢ej−u  fËÙºa  h¡  B¢cøzThe  Negotiable

Instrument Act, 1881 Hl d¡l¡ 118 ®j¡a¡−hL f−Zl fТac¡−el

¢h¢eju R¡s¡ (without consideration) ®L¡e ¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ c¢mm ab¡

®QL BC−el cª¢ø−a ¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ c¢mm ab¡ ®QL ¢q−p−h NZÉ q−h e¡z 

HLLb¡u ®L¡e ®QL, ®QL fÐc¡eL¡l£ LaѪL ü¡rlL«a q−mJ ®pC ®QL¢V ®QL ¢q−p−h NZÉ Ll¡ q−he¡ kare fkÑ¿¹ e¡ ®pC ®QL¢V fÐc¡−el ¢h¢ej−u ®QL fÐc¡eL¡l£ fZ h¡ ¢h¢eju h¡ fТac¡e ¢q−p−h ®L¡e ¢LR¤ fСç

e¡ qez

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209] ®j¡LŸj¡u Aœ ¢hi¡N ¢pÜ¡¿¹ fÐc¡e L−le ®k,

“fÐ−aÉL¢V ¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ c¢mm fТac¡−el ¢h¢eju h¡

f−Zl ¢h¢eju fÐÙ¹¤a h¡ B¢cøz ”

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p¡−rÉ h−me ®k, Bp¡j£ V¡L¡ d¡l/q¡Jm¡a −euz d¡l /q¡Jm¡−al V¡L¡

f¢l−n¡−dl SeÉ a¢LÑa ®QL¢V fËc¡e L−lez

d¡−ll V¡L¡l ¢h¢ej−u Nªq£a ®QL fZ (consideration) euz d¡l¡

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qJu¡u H¢V BCea “®QL” ab¡ “¢h¢eju−k¡NÉ c¢mm” euz Bf£m¢V

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e¡-j”¤l−k¡NÉz

AaHh, B−cn qu ®k, Aœ Bf£m¢V e¡j”¤l Ll¡ qmz

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