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“Let a Rule Nisi be issued calling upon the respondents to show cause as to why impugned orders contained in “fБ¡fe eðl 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-250 dated 08.10.2013 and subsequent 09 (nine) fБ¡fe (Annexure- C, C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6,   C-7, C-8, C-9) whcih published in various cadre posts based upon the results of the 32 (Special) BCS Examination, but the names and roll numbers of the Petitioners were not included anywhere in those 10 (ten) fБ¡fe altough both the petitioners had passed the written examination as well as the viva and they had been provisionally recommended by the Respondent No. 03, should not be declared to have been made without lawful

authority and is of no legal effect and to show cause as to why the respondents shall not be directed to appoint the petitioners in the Bangladesh Civil Services in Cadre Name Bangladesh Civil Service (Health), Post Name Assistant Surgeon and count their seniority with effect from 30.10.2013 i.e. the date of first joining of most candidates and/or pass such other or further order or orders passed as to this court may seem fit and proper.”  

Aœ l¦m¢V ¢eÖf¢šl m−rÉ, OVe¡l pw¢rç ¢hhle, HC ®k,

h¡wm¡−cn plL¡l£ LjÑ L¢jne LaѪL 32aj (¢h−no) ¢h¢pHp fl£r¡u clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu Ei−uC j¤¢š²−k¡Ü¡l p¿¹¡e ¢q−p−h j¤¢š²−k¡Ü¡ ®L¡V¡u B−hce c¡¢Mm L−l Hj¢p¢LE, ¢m¢Ma J ®j±¢ML fl£r¡u Eš£ZÑ qez Aaxfl h¡wm¡−cn f¡h¢mL p¡¢iÑp L¢jne Aœ l£V ¢f¢Vne¡làu pq phÑ−j¡V 2592 Se−L ¢e−u¡−Nl SeÉ p¤f¡¢ln L−lez l£V ¢f¢Vne¡làu−L pqL¡l£ p¡SÑe j¤¢š²−k¡Ü¡ ®L¡V¡ [¢h¢pHp (ü¡ÙÛÉ)] f−c p¤f¡¢ln Ll¡ quz f¡h¢mL p¡¢iÑp L¢jne LaѪL p¤f¡¢ln fСç 2592 S−el jdÉ ®b−L SefÐn¡pe j¿»Z¡m−ul eh-¢e−u¡N A¢dn¡M¡ fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-250 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 08.10.2013 j¡dÉ−j 1619 Se−L, flhaÑ£−a fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-274 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 13.11.2013 j§−m 06 (Ru) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-02  a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 07.01.2014 j§−m 02 (c¤C) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-39 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 23.03.2014 j§−m 05 (fy¡Q) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0 00.147.32.002.13-

66, a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 12.05.2014 j§−m 03 (¢ae) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-149 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 16.10.2014 j§−m 01 (HL) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-184 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 29.12.2014 j§−m 03 (¢ae) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-258 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 14.12.2016 j§−m 07 (p¡a) Se−L, fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-22 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 16.02.2017 j§−m 01 (HL) Se−L Hhw phÑ−no fБ¡fe eðl- 05.00.0000.147.32.002.13-

183 a¡¢lM Cw−lS£ 22.08.2017 j§−m 02 (c¤C) Se−L ¢e−u¡N fËc¡e L−lz ¢L¿º clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu−L ¢e−u¡N fËc¡e Ll¡ qu e¡Cz Aaxfl clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu ¢hNa Cw−lS£ 04.10.2017 a¡¢l−M fТafrNZ hl¡h−l eÉ¡u ¢hQ¡l c¡¢h L−l ¢Xj¡ä Ah S¡¢ØVp ®e¡¢Vn C¤É L−lez fТafrNZ clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul Ef¢l¢õ¢Ma ®e¡¢V−nl ®L¡el©f Sh¡h fÐc¡e e¡ Ll¡u clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu h dÉ q−u Aœ ¢hi¡−N pw¢hd¡−el Ae¤−µRc 102(2)(L)(B) Hl BJa¡u clM¡Ù¹ c¡¢Mm L−l Aœ l¦m ¢e¢n fË¡ç qez

clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul f−r ¢h‘ HÉ¡X−i¡−LV j¤q¡Çjc S£p¡e q¡uc¡l ¢hÙ¹¡¢lai¡−h k¤¢š²aLÑ EfÙÛ¡fe L−lez Afl¢c−L HÉ¡X−i¡−LV Ju¡−up Bm q¡l¦l£, ®Xf¤¢V HVe£Ñ ®Se¡−lm HÉ¡X−i¡−LV q~¢me Cje p¡q¡, pqL¡l£ HVe£Ñ ®Se¡−lm l¡øÊf−r k¤¢š²aLÑ EfÙÛ¡fe L−l h−me ®k, ¢el¡fš¡ ®N¡−u¾c¡ pwÙÛ¡ A¢dcç−ll fË¢a−hc−el ¢i¢š−a clM¡Ù¹L¡l£N−Zl hl h−l ¢e−u¡N fœ Cp¤É Ll¡ pñh

qu¢ez

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 HV¡ ü£L«a ®k, 32aj (¢h−no) ¢h¢pHp Hl Hj¢p¢LE, ¢m¢Ma J ®j±¢ML fl£r¡u clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu p¡g−mÉl p¡−b Eš£ZÑ qe Hhw h¡wm¡−cn LjÑ L¢jne La«ÑL a¡l¡ ¢e−u¡−Nl ¢e¢j−š kb¡l£¢b p¤f¡¢ln fË¡ç qez ¢L¿º ¢el¡fš¡ ®N¡−u¾c¡ pwÙÛ¡l fË¢a−hc−el L¡l−Z clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul hl¡h−l pqL¡l£ p¡SÑe f−cl ¢e−u¡Nfœ Cp¤É Ll¡ qu¢ez

plL¡l£ LjÑ L¢jn−el p¤f¡¢l−nl fl Bangladesh Civil Service Recruitment

Rules 1981 Hl 4(3)(H)(¢h) Ef¢h¢d Ae¤k¡u£ p¤f¡¢lnL«a fË¡bÑ£−cl fË¡L Q¡L¥l£ hªš¡¿¹ k¡Q¡C J ü¡ÙÛÉ fl£r¡u Efk¤š² ¢h−h¢Qa qJu¡l fl ¢h¢pHp LÉ¡X¡l p¡¢iÑ−p Q¨s¡¿¹i¡−h ¢e−u¡N fËc¡e Ll¡ quz

Bangladesh Civil Service Recruitment Rules 1981 Hl 4(3)(H)(¢h)

Ef¢h¢d®a ¢ejÀl©f ¢hd¡e B−Rx

“No appointment to a service by direct recruitment shall be made untill; (b) The antecedents of the person so selected have been verified through appropriate agencies and found to be such as do not render him unfit for appointment in the service of the Republic.

Bangladesh Civil Service Recruitment Rules 1981 Hl 4(3)(H)(¢h)

Ef¢h¢d Ae¤k¡u£ 32aj (¢h−no) ¢h¢pHp H p¤f¡¢lnL«a fË¡bÑ£−cl fË¡L-Q¡L¥¢l hªš¡¿¹ k¡Q¡C−ul SeÉ kb¡kb H−S¢¾p−L Ae¤−l¡d Ll¡ quz ®p Ae¤k¡u£ S¡a£u ¢el¡fš¡ ®N¡−u¾c¡ A¢dcçl La«ÑL ®fË¢la fË¢a−hceclM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu pÇf−LÑ “ unsatisfactory” l−u−R j−jÑ 1ew fË¢afr clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul ¢e−u¡Nfœ Cp¤É L−le e¡Cz

BCS Rules 1981 Hl 4 (3) (H) (¢h) ®j¡a¡−hL ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa hÉ¢š²l f§hÑ C¢aq¡p f¡kÑ¡−m¡Qe¡ L−l plL¡l£ Q¡L¥l£−a ¢e−u¡−N Ae¤fk¤š² (unfit) ¢Le¡ a¡ kb¡kb La«Ñfr La«ÑL k¡Q¡C h¡R¡C Ll¡ h¡dÉa¡j§mLz kb¡kb LaѪfr ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa hÉ¢š²l f§hÑ C¢aq¡p k¡Q¡C h¡R¡C L−l pw¢nÔø hÉ¢š² plL¡l£ Q¡L¥l£l ¢e−u¡−Nl Efk¤š² ¢Lwh¡ Ae¤fk¤š² ¢edÑ¡lZ Ll−hez

k¢c ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa hÉ¢š² Ae¤fk¤š² (Unfit) qqqqu a¡q−m ¢L L¡l−Z ¢a¢e plL¡l£ Q¡L¥l£−a ¢e−u¡−Nl Ae¤fk¤š² ®p pÇf−LÑ p¤Öfø Hhw p¤¢e¢cÑøii i¡ ¡− −h h kb¡kb LLLLa««««Ñfrr®®L L  hhh hÉ É¡ ¡MMMMÉÉÉ É¡ ¡ f fËcËcËcËc¡ ¡e e  L Llll l−−− −a a q q− −h hz z

Hl ®L¡e hÉaÉu Qm−h e¡z AAA Abbb b¡ÑÑvvÑ Ñv  pp pll llLL LL¡ ¡ll ll££ ££  QQ QQ¡¡ ¡¡LL LL¥l ¥l¥ £ £− −aa aa ¢ ¢e e− −−uu uu¡¡ ¡¡− −N Nl l A Aee ee¤f¤fk k¤šš¤šš² ²a a¡ ¡ll ll ¢ ¢hh hhoo oouu uu¢¢ ¢¢VV VV  pp pp¤¢¤¢¤¢ ¤¢eee e¢¢ ccÑøÑøÑøÑø,, ,,  pppp¤Ø¤Ø¤Ø¤Øff fføøøø,, ,,  

üµR  Hhw BCe¡e¤k¡u£ i i¡−− −−hh hh LLll−−−aa qqqq−−hhzz  

−L¡−e¡ AAAAØØf fø ø (Vague)  ¢pÜ¡¿¹  h¡  j¿¹hÉ  BC−el  ®Q¡−M  NËqZ−k¡NÉ  euz AÖføa¡ BC−el f¢lf¿Û£z

 ¢L¿º haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u S¡a£u −N¡−u¾c¡ A¢dcçl La«ÑL −fË¢la fË¢a−hc−e clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu ¢L L¡l−Z plL¡l£ Q¡L¥l£−a ¢e−u¡N m¡−i A−k¡NÉ a¡ e¡ h−m öd¤j¡œ “unsatisfactory” l−u−R

j¿¹hÉ L−le k¡ ¢h¢d h¢qiѨa Hhw ®hBCe£z haÑj¡e BCS Rules 1981 Hl ¢h¢d 4(a)(H) (¢h) ®j¡a¡−hL S¡a£u ®N−u¾c¡ A¢dcçl clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu−L plL¡l£ Q¡ ¥l£−a A−k¡NÉa¡ (unfit) ¢ho−u

abÉ fÐc¡e e¡ L−l ¢h¢d h¢qi¨Ña hš²hÉ ab¡ “uns tisfactory” j−jÑ hš²hÉ fÐc¡e L−le, k¡ ¢h¢d p‰a euz Ab¡Ñv haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu ¢L L¡l−Z plL¡l£ Q¡L¥l£−a ¢e−u¡N m¡−i A−k¡NÉ ac¢ho−u p¤¢e¢cÑø Hhw p¤Øfø ®L¡e abÉ fËj¡Z ¢c−a 1 ew fË¢afr pÇf§ZÑl©−f hÉbÑ q−u−Rz

h¢h  q¡‹¡S  he¡j  h¡wm¡−cn  ¢ehÑ¡Qe  L¢jne  (fË¢a−h¢ca  71 ¢XHmA¡l  f¡a¡-89) ®j¡LŸj¡u A¢ija fËc¡e Ll¡ qu ®k,

“It  has  been  stated  in  “Administrative  Law”  by  H.W.R.

               Wade, 5th edition at page-465:

“For  the  purpose  of  natural  justice,  the  question which matters is not whether the claimant has some legal  right,  but  whether  the  legal  power  is  being exercised over him to his disadvantage. It is not a matter of property or of vested interests, but simply of the exercise of Government power in a manner which is fair…..”

It is often said that mala fides or bad faith vitiates everything and a mala fide act is a nullity. Now a pertinent question arises: what is mala fides? Relying on some observations of the Indian Supreme Court in some decisions, Durgadas Basu J held;

“It is commonplace to state that mala fides does not necessarily involve a malicious intention. It is enough if the aggrieved party establishes; (i) that the authority making the impugned order did not apply its mind at all to the matter in question; or (ii) that the impugned order was made for a purpose or upon a ground other than what is mentioned in the order.” (Ram Chandra -vs- Secretary to the Government of W.B. AIR 1964 Cal 265). 

The principle of reasonableness is used in testing the validity of all administrative actions and an unreasonable action is taken to have never been authorized by the Legislature and is unreasonable when it is so unreasonable that no man acting reasonably could have taken it. This has now come to be known as Wednesbury unreasonableness. (Associated Provincial Picture…vs... Wednesbury Corporation [1948] 1KB 223).

 “fËn¡p¢eL ¢ ¢h h− −h hQQe e¡ ¡  (administravie discretion)  HL¢V S¢Vm ¢houz plL¡l£ LjÑLaÑ¡NZ LaѪL L¢afu L¡kÑ a¡−cl ¢eSü ¢h−hQe¡l Efl ¢i¢š L−−−−l ¢eeeÖf¢š ¢iæ ®L¡e plL¡lC

l¡øÊ f¢lQ¡me¡ Ll−a f¡l−h e¡z Bd¤¢eL plL¡l hÉhÙÛ¡u fËn¡pppp¢eLLLL rjjjaaaa¡l hÉ¢š²−L¾cУLa¡ H HH  L¡l−Z fÐ−u¡Se ®k, , ff ffË− Ë−aa aaÉÉ ÉÉL L  B Bd d¢ ¤ ¤¢ ¢e eLLL L  ppp pll lL L¡¡¡ ¡− −l ll l SS S¢¢ ¢VVV Vm m ¢ ¢h hooo ouu u… …−− −m m¡ ¡ ¢h¢d àààà¡l ¢m¢fhh hhÜ Ü LL LLl l¡ ¡ jj jj¡ ¡ee ee¤−− ¤−−o ooll ll  

f−r Apñhz

Bh¡l  pji¡−h  HV¡J  paÉ  ®k,  Q¨s¡¿¹ C Cµ µRRR R¡ ¡d d£££ £ee ea a¡ ¡  q qm m ¢ ¢e eccc cÑuuÑu Ñu j j¢¢¢ ¢ee hh   ppp pjj aa ¥m¥m ÉÉ zz  ®®® ®pp LL ¡¡ ll −−Z ZZ   ‘fËn¡p¢eL Q¨s¡¿¹ CµR¡d£ea¡l c¡h£’ Hhhhhw ‘kkkk¤¢š²pwNa Q¨s¡¿¹ CµR¡d£e ¢pÜ¡¿¹ f¡Ju¡l hÉ¢š²l c¡h£’ HH c¤C−ul j−dÉ ¢¢¢ ¢hhh h− −l l¡¡¡ ¡d d  ¢¢¢ ¢e el l¢ ¢h h¢¢¢ ¢µ µR Ræ æiii i¡ ¡−−− −h h QQQ Q− −mmm m B Bp p− −R Rz z

HV¡ hm¡l A−fr¡ l¡−M e¡ ¡  ®®® ®kk k, , 1 1  eee ew w fff fË¢ Ë¢a afff f− −r rl l CCC Cµ µRR R¡ ¡ddd d£££ £e e  r rj ja a¡¡¡¡   BB −−− RRRR zzzz  ¢¢ LL ¿¿ º º  HH VV ¡¡¡¡ JJJJ   jj −− ee  l¡M−a q−h ®k, 1 ew fË¢afr a¡l CµR¡d£e rja¡ AhnÉC eÉ¡up‰ai¡−−−−hhhh, ¢el−fri¡−h Hhw k¤¢š²p‰ai¡−h hÉhq¡l Ll−hez  

HV¡ p¡d¡lZi¡−h hm¡ k¡u ®k, Apc¤−Ÿ−nÉ (malafide)))) q−a q−m pw¢nÔø L¡S¢Vl (act or        ommission) ®r−œ ¢ ¢¢h h−−à ào off f§Z§ZÑ Ñ h h¡ ¡ ¢ ¢hh h−−à ào o ff fËpËp§a§a hh hh¡¡ ¡ ¢ ¢hh h−−à ào oj j§m§m§m§mLLLL ( (malicious))) CµR¡ b¡L−aC q−h

Hje eu z k¢c ¢hr¥ì hÉ¢š² HV¡ fËj¡Z Ll−a f¡−le ®k, (L) Laaaa««««Ñfr a¢LÑa B−cn fËc¡−el pju

a¢LÑa ¢ho−u p¢WLi¡−h ¢h−hQe¡ L−le e¡C ; ;(M) Laaaa«««Ñf« r a¢LÑa B−c−n h¢ZÑa L¡lZ ¢iæ AeÉ

L¡l−Z a¢LÑa B−cn fËc¡e L−ll ll¢¢ ¢¢RR RR− −m me e; ;  ¢ ¢LL Lw wh h¡ ¡ ( (NN NN)) ))  ¢ ¢h hr r¥ìì ¥ìì ff fr r kk¢¢¢ccc HHHHVV¡¡ ffffˢˢˢˢaa¢¢ùùaa LLLLll−−−−aa ffff¡¡¡¡−−−−llee ee ®kkkk,

LaѪfr LaѪL fËcš a¢LÑa B−cn¢V A¢h−hQe¡ fËp§a ab¡ p¢WL ¢h−hhhhQeeee¡ ffffËp§§§a§ eu; ;−p−r−œ a¢LÑa

B−cn¢V Apc¤−Ÿ−nÉ (malafide) fËcš h−m NZÉ q−hz eÉ¡uuuu ¢hQ¡−ll E−ŸnÉ p¡d−el ¢e¢jš š H HV V¡¡ ¡¡

Sl¦l£ ®k, ¢eh¡Ñq£ rja¡ fË−u¡N H Hj je eiii i¡¡¡ ¡− −h h  LLL Ll l− −aa a q q−−− −h h  k k¡ ¡−−− −aaa a  HH LL SSS ee   pp ¡¡ dd ¡¡ llll ZZZZ  jj ¡¡ eeee o¤o¤o¤o JJ   HH ll   ®® LLLL ¡¡ ee   ®® cc¡¡¡ ¡ooo o

MM¤−¤−yy¤−¤−yySSSS ee¡¡¡ ff¡¡uuzzzz ppLLLLmm ¢¢eeeehhh¡¡¡¡ÑqÑq££££ LL¡¡−−kkkkÑlÑÑlÑ (action) ®®®~hda¡ fl£r¡ Ll¡ qu k¤¢š²pwNa Hhw eÉ¡upwNa

e£¢al ¢i¢š−az

“Bf¡a cª¢ø−a fËa£uj¡e ïj h¡ i¥m ” (apparent error) qm −pq~ i¥m k¡ HLSe

p¡d¡lZ fБ¡l j¡e¤oJ A¢a pq−S h¤T−a f¡−lz AbÑ¡v “BBBBffff¡a c ¢¢ª¢¢ø−a fËa£uj¡e ïj” qm ®pC ïj

k¡l SeÉ ®L¡e ¢h−no−‘l nlZ¡fæ qJu¡l fË−u¡Se ®eCz haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u ®N¡−u¾c¡ pwÙÛ¡ LaѪL ®Lhmj¡œ “unsatisfactory” j¿¹−hÉl L¡l−Z fËcš fË¢a−hce¢V p¡d¡lZ k¤¢š²a−LÑ ØføaC HL¢V

“Bf¡a cª¢ø−a fËa£uj¡e ïjj jh¡ i¥m ” (apparent error)zz

pw¢hd¡−el Ae¤−µRc 31 ®j¡a¡−hL BCe¡e¤k¡u£ hÉa£a ®L¡e hhhhÉ¢š²²²−LLLL a¡llll eÉ¡kÉ A¢dL¡l

®b−L ab¡ eÉ¡kÉ fÊ¡fÉa¡ ®b−L ab¡ eÉ¡kÉ fËaÉ¡n¡ ®b−L ab¡ BCeeeepÇjjjja A¢dL¡l ®b−L h¢’a Ll¡

k¡u e¡z 

 haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul eÉ¡kÉ A¢dL¡l qm ¢e−u¡N fœ f¡Ju¡z ¢L¿º fË¢afrNZ

Öføax clM¡Ù¹L¡l£àu−L clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul eÉ¡kÉ A¢dL¡l ®b−L ®hBCe£i¡−h h¢’a L−l−Rz

pw¢hd¡−el Ae¤−µRc 31 ®j¡a¡−hL fË−aÉL e¡N¢lL BCe¡e¤k¡uuuu££££ JJJJ ®Lhhhhm BBBBC Ce e¡ ¡e e¤kk¤kk¡¡ ¡¡u u£ £

hÉhq¡l m¡−il A¢dL¡l£z H¢V ØføC fÐa£uj¡e ®k haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u fË¢afrNZ clM¡Ù¹L¡l£à−ul

p¡−b BCe¡e¤k¡u£ BQlZ L−le e¡Cz

haÑj¡e ®j¡LŸj¡u ¢el¡fš¡ ®N¡−u¾c¡ A¢dcç−ll fË¢a−hc−e “unsatisfactory”  j¿¹hÉ¢V

A−k±¢š²L, Apc¢ifË¡u (bad faith) Hhw Apc¤−Ÿ−nÉ (malafide) i¡−h Nªq£az ®Lee¡ Eš²

fË¢a−hce fËc¡eL¡−m ®N¡−u¾c¡ A¢dcçl ¢hou¢V p¢WLi¡−h ¢h−hQe¡ L−l¢ez Afl¢c−L fË¢a−hc−e                    “unsatisfactory” j¿¹hÉ ®j¡−VJ k¤¢š²pwNa Hhw eÉ¡upwNa eu hlw ¢hnc L¡lZ E−õM

hÉ¢a−l−L ¢eRL HC j¿¹hÉ pÇf§ZÑ AØfø, Ap¤¢e¢cÑø, A¢h−hQe¡ fËp§a Hhw ïj j−jÑ fËa£uj¡e ïjz

p¤al¡w Eš² AØfø, Ap¤¢e¢cÑø, A¢h−hQe¡ fËp§a Hhw fËa£uj¡e ïj B−cn¢V HM¢au¡l h¢qi¨Ña Hhw fË¡L«¢aL ¢hQ¡l (natural justice) Hl ¢euj¢h−l¡d£ h¡ f¢lf¿Û£z

öd¤j¡œ ¢iæ ja, cnÑe Hhw ¢hnÄ¡p fÐQ¡l Ll¡l SeÉ 399 ¢h¢p (39 B.C)-®a H−b¡¢eu¡e plL¡l (Athanion Government) phÑL¡−ml ®pl¡ c¡nÑ¢eL p−œ²¢Vp (SOCRATES) ®L jªa¥Écä fÐc¡e L−l¢R−me jªa¥Él f§−hÑ a¡l Ajl h¡Z£l ®no c¤C m¡Ce q−m¡,

“The hour of departure has arrived, and we go our  ways—I  to  die,  and  you  to  live. Which is better God only knows.”

jdÉk¤N£u p¢qwpa¡ ®b−L ®hl q−u H−p HL¢V A¢dLal Ec¡l Hhw B−m ¢La/‘¡ec£ç

pj¡S ¢h¢ejÑ¡−e CE−l¡f ®k L¢We pwNË¡j L−l−R a¡lC gmnЦa£−a CE−l¡−f BS ¢iæja, fb Hhw ¢hnÄ¡p HLp¡−b n¡¢¿¹f§ZÑ i¡−h AhÙÛ¡e Ll−R Hhw ¢h−nÄl clh¡−l ¢e−S−cl−L fТa¢ùa L−l a¥−m−Rz k¢cJ H¢V l¡a¡l¡¢a qu¢e, a−h HJ paÉ ®k Hl f¢lf§ZÑ h¡Ùh ¹¡ue HMeJ Qmj¡ez CE−l¡−fl HC p¢qo·¤ pj¡S hÉhÙÛ¡l ¢Qœ¢V pL−ml ¢eLV p¡h¢mm i¡o¡u EfÙÛ¡fe L−l−Re gl¡¢p c¡nÑe£L Denis Lacorne ay¡l p¤¢m¢Ma hC “The Limits of Tolerance—Enlightenment Values

and Religious Fanaticism”- HHzz

1600 p¡−ml 17 −ghЦu¡l£ a¡¢l−M CV¡¢mu¡e c¡nÑ¢eL Giordano Bruno Hl jªa¥Écä fÐc¡eL¡l£ −l¡j¡e CeL¥C¢SVl (Roman Enquisitors)-−cl E−Ÿ−nÉ ¢a¢e p¡q−pl p¡−b −k Lb¡¢V h−m¢R−me a¡ q−m¡,

“You may be more afraid to bring that sentence against me than I am to accept it. ”

¢iæ ja¡m𣠢h¢VÊn ®Mu¡m£ ®mML Charles Caleb Colton h−m−Re ®k,

“Liberty will not descent to a people. A People must raise themselves to liberty. It is a blessing that must be earned before it can be enjoyed.”

Bj¡−cl h¡‰¡m£ pj¡S p¢qo·¤ pj¡S (Tolerant Society)z S¡¢a ¢qp¡−hJ Bjl¡ p¢qo·¤

S¡¢a (Tolerant Nation)z

Bj¡−cl pj¡−S fÐbj Ap¢qo·¤a¡l (Intolerant) h£S hfe L−l¢Rm ¢hТVn CØV C¢äu¡ ®L¡Çf¡e£z flhaÑ£−a HC ®L¡Çf¡e£l q¡a d−l ¢hТVn cMmc¡l plL¡l i¡la h−oÑ AÙ» ®c¢M−u ®S¡l Shlc¢Ù¹ L−l Y¤−L cMm L−lz ¢hТVn a¡−cl A¯hd cMmc¡¢laÅ hS¡u l¡M¡l ü¡−bÑ djÑ£u Ap¢qo·¤a¡ R¢s−u ®cuz ¢hТVnl¡ kMe a¡−cl cMmc¡¢laÅ Bl lr¡ Ll−a f¡l¢Rme¡ aMe a¡l¡ f¢lL¢Òfa i¡−h

Eæa L«¢ø Hhw pwúª¢al A¢dL¡l£ Bj¡−cl p¢qo·¥ i¡lahoÑ−L ÙÛ¡u£i¡ h Afpwúª¢a Hhw Ap¢qo·¤ l¡−øÌ f¢lZa Ll¡l q£e j¡e−p ab¡ djÑ£u ¢h−l¡d pª¢øL¡l£ L¡m¡ L¡e¤e °al£ L−l ¢c−u i¡lahoÑ−L Ap¢qo·¥ l¡−øÌ (Intolerant State) hÉhÙÛ¡l ¢c−L Q¡¢ma L−l ¢c−u k¡uz flhaÑ£−a f¡¢LÙ¹¡e qJu¡l

fl f¡¢LÙ¹¡¢e ¢j¢mV¡l£ n¡pe hÉhÙÛ¡ a¡−cl L¡−uj£ ü¡bÑ lr l L¡l−Z djÑ£u S¢‰h¡c−L E¢ú−u ¢c−u f¡¢LÙ¹¡e e¡jL l¡øÌ¢V−L B−l¡ Ap¢qo·¤ l¡−øÌ (More Intolerant State) f¢lZa L−lez Hj¢e

HL¢V AhÙÛ¡u phÑL¡−ml phÑ−nÊø h¡‰¡m£ S¡¢al SeL h‰hå¥ ®nM j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡e Hl ®ea«−aÅ ac¡¢e¿¹e f§hÑ f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el h¡‰¡m£l¡ h¡wm¡−cn e¡jL p¢qo·¤ l¡øÌ (Tolerant State) fТaù¡ L−le

Hhw h¡‰¡m£ S¡¢a ¢hТVn Hhw f¡¢LÙÛ¡e£ cMmc¡l J Afn¡pL−cl e Nf¡n ®b−L c£OÑ¢ce fl j¤š²

qu 1971 p¡−mz ¢L¿º h¡‰¡m£−cl HC p¢qo·¤ l¡−øÌl ¢c−L Qm¡ ®hn£¢ce ÙÛ¡u£ qu¢ez HLcm q¡−ue¡−cl ®R¡h−m Bj¡−cl f¢hœ ®cn ra-¢hra q−m¡ 1975 p¡−ml 15C BNøz

SeN−Zl −haei¥L L¢afu ¢j¢mV¡l£ LjÑLaÑ¡ J LjÑQ¡l£ SeN−el ®Le¡ A−Ù» SeN−Zl ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa l¡øÌf¢a−L l¡−al AåL¡−l qaÉ¡ L−l H−cn−L cMm L−lz ®pph L¢afu SeN−Zl ®haei¥L ¢j¢mV¡l£ LjÑLaÑ¡ J LjÑQ¡l£ LaѪL SeN−Zl ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa l¡øÌf¢a−L qaÉ¡l ¢ho−u c¤iÑ¡NÉSeLi¡−h ¢elha¡ f¡me L−l¢R−me avL¡m£e pj−u p¡w¢hd¡¢eLi¡−h c¡¢uaÅ f¡meL¡l£ pL−m k¡ ¢Rm S¡a£l ph−Q−u LmwLLl AdÉ¡uz

1975 p¡−ml 15 C BN−øl ®pC L¡ml¡¢œ−a SeN−Zl ®haei¥L L¢afu ¢j¢mV¡l£ LjÑLaÑ¡

J LjÑQ¡l£l¡ öd¤j¡œ SeN−Zl ¢ehÑ¡¢Qa l¡øÌf¢a−LC qaÉ¡ L−l e¡C, qaÉ¡ L−l−R f¡¢LÙ¹¡e£ h¡¢qe£l j−a¡ ¢nö, e¡l£ Hhw p¡d¡lZ ¢elÙ» e¡N¢lL−cl, qaÉ¡ L−l−R S¡a£u Q¡l ®ea¡−L ®SmM¡e¡l j−a¡ ¢el¡fc ÙÛ¡−e, qaÉ¡ L−l−R pjNË S¡¢a−L, qaÉ¡ L−l−R pjNË S¡¢al Ec£uj¡e i¢hoÉa−L, qaÉ¡ L−l−R ü¡d£ea¡l BcnÑ−L, qaÉ¡ L−l−R j¤¢š²k¤−Ül ®Qae¡−L, qaÉ¡ L−l−R p¢qo·¤ pj¡S hÉhÙÛ¡−Lz Aaxfl 15C BNø, 1975 p¡−ml fl ®b−L h¡wm¡−cn HLV¡e¡ H¥n hvpl E−ÒV¡ f−b, j¤¢š²k¤−Ül ®Qae¡l ¢hfr ®pË¡−a, ü¡d£ea¡l Bc−nÑl ¢hfr ®pË¡−a Hhw p−hÑ¡fl£ A ¢qo·¤ S¡¢a (Intolerance

State) ¢q−p−h Q−m−Rz haÑj¡−e S¡¢a Bh¡l p¢qo·¤a¡l ¢c−L fb Qm¡ öl¦ L−l p¢qo·¤ l¡øÌ ¢h¢ejÑ¡−e cªti¡−h H¢N−u Q−m−Rz

Hj¢e HL¢V I¢aq¡¢pL h¡Ù¹ha¡l ®fÐr¡f−V l¡−øÌl pLm fÐn¡p¢eL LjÑLaÑ¡ Hhw LjÑQ¡l£, ¢p¢im Hhw ¢j¢mV¡l£ LjÑLaÑ¡ Hhw LjÑQ¡l£NZ−L M¤hC …l¦aÅf§−ZÑl p¡−b a¡−cl fТa¢V LjÑL¡−ä paLÑa¡l p¡−b HL¢V p¢qo·¤ l¡−øÌl e£¢a Hhw BcnÑ k¡ Bj¡−cl f¢hœ pw¢hd¡−e J l¡−øÌl ÙÛf¢a phÑL¡−ml phÑ−nÊù h¡‰¡¢m S¡¢al ¢fa¡ h‰hå¥ ®nM j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡e HylJ e£¢a Hhw BcnÑ, a¡ f¤´M¡e¤f¤´Mi¡−h fТaf¡me Ll−a q−hz a¡q−mC Hhw ®Lhm j¡œ a¡q−mC Bj¡−cl ¢fÐu ®cn fªb£¢hl

h¤−L HL¢V p¤¾cl p¢qo·¤ Eæa S¡¢a ¢q−p−h N−s EW−hz j−e l¡M−a q−h Bj¡−cl HC ü¡d£ea¡

A−eL L−ø f¡Ju¡z A−eL l−š²l ¢h¢ej−u f¡Ju¡z A−eL aÉ¡−Nl ¢h¢ej−u f¡Ju¡z mr nq£−cl

aÉ¡N Hhw ¢aa£r¡l ¢h¢ej−u f¡Ju¡ Bj¡−cl HC ü¡d£ea¡ aMeC ü¡bÑL q−h kMe Bjl¡ Bj¡−cl

BQlZ, LjÑL¡−ä ¢e−S−cl−L HL¢V p¢qo·¤ Eæa S¡¢a ¢q−p−h ¢e−hc£a Ll−h¡z

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pL−m ®k pÇj¡e, jkÑ¡c¡ Hhw k¡ha£u p¤−k¡N p¤¢hd¡ ®i¡N Ll−Re a¡ ®Lhm j¡œ ü¡d£ea¡ k¤−Ü S£he c¡eL¡l£ ¢œn mr nq£−cl l−š²l ¢h¢ej−u Hhw pòj q¡l¡−e¡c¤C mr j¡-®h¡−el pò−jl ¢h¢ej−u

A¢SÑaz p¤al¡w Ef¢l¢õ¢Ma pLm LjÑLaÑ¡ Hhw LjÑQ¡l£NZ−L ®c−nl SeÉ S£he ¢c−a q−he¡, lš²

¢c−a q−he¡; öd¤j¡œ pv Hhw ¢el−fr i¡−h ay¡−cl Efl SeNZ LaѪL A¢fÑa ¢hnÄ¡p Hl jkÑ¡c¡ Hhw A¢fÑa c¡u-c¡¢uaÅ f¡me Ll−mC Qm−hz

f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el L¡l¡N¡l ®b−L j¤š² q−u S¡¢al ¢fa¡ h‰hå¥ ®nM j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡−el 1972 p¡−ml

10C S¡e¤u¡¢l ü−cn fÐaÉ¡haÑe L−l ¢hj¡e h¾cl ®b−L pl¡p¢l I¢aq¡¢pL lje¡ ®lp−L¡pÑ juc¡−e

(haÑj¡−e ®p¡ql¡Ju¡c£Ñ EcÉ¡−e) H−p h¡‰¡¢m S¡¢al E−Ÿ−nÉ ®k …l¦aÅf§ZÑ i¡oZ ¢c−u¢R−me fСp¢‰L qJu¡u a¡ ¢e−jÀ A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe q−m¡x

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Bj¡l h¡wm¡−cn BS ü¡d£e q−u−R, Bj¡l S£h−el p¡d BS f§ZÑ q−u−R, Bj¡l h¡wm¡l j¡e¤o BS j¤š² q−u−Rz Bj¡l h¡wm¡ ü¡d£e b¡L−hz

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B¢j Bj¡l −pC ®k i¡C−ul¡ BaÈ¡ý¢a ¢c−u−R, n¢qc q−u−R, a¡y−cl B¢j

nËÜ¡ ¢e−hce L¢l, ay¡−cl BaÈ¡l j¡N−gl¡a L¡je¡ L¢lz BS naLl¡-Bj¡l

Mhl q−u−R, fË¡u 30 mr ®m¡L−L ®j−l ®g−m ®cu¡ q−u−R h¡wm¡uz ¢àa£u jq¡k¤−ÜJ Hhw fËbj jq¡k¤−ÜJ, H−a¡ −m¡L, H−a¡ p¡d¡lZ e¡N¢lL jªa¥ÉhlZ

L−l e¡C, nq£c qu e¡C, k¡ Bj¡l HC p¡a ®L¡¢Vl h¡wm¡−c−n q−u Rz

B¢j S¡ea¡j e¡ Bfe¡−cl L¡−R B¢j ¢g−l Bp−h¡z B¢j M¡¢m HLV¡ Lb¡ h−m¢Rm¡j, ®a¡jl¡ k¢c Bj¡−L ®j−l ®g−m −cJ Bj¡l Bf¢š

e¡Cz jªa¥Él f−l Bj¡l m¡nV¡ Bj¡l h¡P¡¢ml L¡−R ¢c−u ¢cJ, HC HLV¡ Ae¤−l¡d ®a¡j¡−cl L¡−R Bj¡lz

B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C i¡lah−oÑl fËd¡ej¿»£ nË£j¢a C¢¾cl¡ N¡å£−L, B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C i¡lah−oÑl Sep¡d¡lZ−L, B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C i¡lah−oÑl p¡j¢lL h¡¢qe£−L, B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C

l¡¢nu¡l Sep¡d¡lZ−L, B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C ¢hË¢Vn, S¡j¡Ñ¢e, 顾p ph S¡uN¡l ®k NieÑ−j¾V, Sep¡d¡lZ B−R, a¡−cl B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C k¡l¡

Bj¡−L pjbÑe L−l−Rz B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C B−j¢lL¡l Sep¡d¡lZ−L,

B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡C ¢hnÄ c¤¢eu¡l jSm¤j Sep¡d¡lZ−L, k¡l¡ Bj¡l HC

j¤¢š² pwNË¡j−L p¡q¡kÉ L−l−Rz

Bj¡l hm−a qu, HL ®L¡¢V ®m¡L HC h¡wm¡−c−nl ®b−L Ol h¡¢s ®R−s i¡lah−oÑ BnËu ¢e−u¢R−m¡z i¡l−al Sep¡d¡lZ, ¢j−pp C¢¾cl¡ N¡å£ a¡−cl M¡h¡l ¢c−u−R, b¡Lh¡l ¢c−u−R, a¡−cl B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c e¡ ¢c−u f¡¢l

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L−l m¡i e¡Cz B¢j h−m¢Rm¡j k¡h¡l B−N, J h¡P¡¢m Hh¡l ®a¡j¡−c pwNË¡j ü¡d£ea¡l pwNË¡j, Hh¡l ®a¡j¡−cl pwNË¡j j¤¢š²l pwNË¡jz ®a¡jl¡ a¡ L−l−R¡z

B¢j h−m¢Rm¡j, O−l O−l c¤NÑ ®~a¢l Llz ®a¡jl¡ O−l O−l c¤NÑ ®~a¢l L−l pwNË¡j L−l−R¡z

B¢j Bj¡l pqLj£Ñ−cl ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡Cz Bj¡l hý i¡C, Bj¡l

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SeÉ Bj¡−L ®X−L ¢e−u H−p−Rz

B¢j Bn¡ L¢l, c¤¢eu¡l pjÙ¹ l¡−øÊl L¡−R Bj¡l B−hce, ®k

Bj¡l l¡Ù¹¡ e¡C, Bj¡l O¡V e¡C, Bj¡l SeN−Zl M¡h¡l e¡C, Bj¡l j¡e¤o Nªqq¡l¡-phÑq¡l¡, Bj¡l j¡e¤o f−bl ¢iM¡l£z ®a¡jl¡ Bj¡l j¡e¤o−L p¡q¡kÉ

L−l¡, j¡eha¡l M¡¢a−l ®a¡j¡−cl L¡−R B¢j p¡q¡kÉ Q¡Cz c¤¢eu¡l pjÙ¹ l¡−øÊl

L¡−R  B¢j  p¡q¡kÉ  Q¡Cz  Bj¡l  h¡wm¡−cn−L  ®a¡jl¡  ¢l−L¡Ne¡CS  L−l¡z

S¡¢apw−Ol œ¡Z c¡J; ¢c−a q−h, Ef¡u e¡C ¢c−a q−hz B¢j, Bjl¡ q¡l

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L¢h…l¦l Lb¡ ¢jbÉ¡ fËj¡Z q−u ¢N−u−Rz Bj¡l h¡P¡¢m BS j¡e¤oz

Bj¡l h¡P¡¢m ®c¢M−u ¢c−u−R c¤¢eu¡l C¢aq¡−p, c¤¢eu¡l C¢aq¡−p, ü¡d£ea¡l

pwNË¡−j H−a¡ ®m¡L BaÈý¢a, H−a¡ ®m¡L S¡e ®cu e¡Cz a¡C B¢j h¢m

Bj¡u c¡h¡−u l¡M−a f¡l−h e¡z

BS ®b−L Bj¡l Ae¤−l¡d, BS ®b−L Bj¡l B−cn, BS ®b−L

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e¡Cz

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j¡e¤o, j¡e¤o i¡−m¡h¡¢pz

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i¡C−ul¡ Bj¡l, k−bø L¡S f−s l−u−R, Bfe¡l¡ S¡−eez B¢j

pjÙ¹ Sep¡d¡lZ−L Q¡C ®kM¡−e l¡Ù¹¡ ®i−P ®N−R, ¢e−Sl¡ l¡Ù¹¡ Ll−a ö ¦ L−l

c¡Jz B¢j Q¡C S¢j−a k¡J, d¡e h¤e¡Jz LjÑÑQÑ ¡l£−cl h−m ¢ch¡l Q¡C, HLSe O¤o M¡−he e¡z j−e e l l¡ ¡M M− −hhh he e, ,  aaa aM Me e ppp p−¤¤ −¤k k¡¡¡ ¡N N ¢ ¢R R−−− −mmm m¡ ¡  ee e¡¡¡ ¡, ,  BBB B¢¢¢ ¢jjj j  OO o¤o¤  rj¡ Ll−h¡ e¡z

i¡C−ul¡ Bj¡l, k¡Ju¡l pju kMe Bj¡−L ®NËga¡l L−l ¢e−u k¡uz a¡SE¢Ÿe, eSl¦−ml¡ Bj¡l ¢c−L k¡uz B¢j h−m¢Rm¡j, 7 ®L¡¢V h¡P¡¢ml

p¡−b Bj¡−L jl−a ®c ®a¡l¡z B¢j Bn£hÑ¡c Ll¢Rz a¡SEŸ£−el¡ Ly¡c¢Rmz

®a¡l¡ Q−m k¡z pwNË¡j L¢lpz Bj¡l BÙÛ¡ lC−m¡z B¢j HC h¡¢s−a jl−a

Q¡Cz HC q−h h¡wm¡l S¡uN¡, HM¡−eC B¢j jl−a Q¡Cz J−cl L¡−R j¡b¡ ea

L−l Bjl¡ f¡l−h¡ e¡z

i¡C−ul¡ Bj¡l, X¡x L¡j¡m−L ¢e−u ¢ae j¡p fkÑ¿¹ ®pM¡−e C¾V¡−l¡−Nne L−l−R, j¤¢S−hl ¢hl¦−Ü p¡r£ ®cJu¡lz L−uLSe h¡P¡¢m Bj¡l

¢hl¦−Ü p¡r£ ¢c−u−R, a¡−cl Bjl¡ S¡¢e Hhw ¢Q¢ez a¡−cl ¢hQ¡l q−hz

Bfe¡l¡, BS A¢j hš²ªa¡ Ll−a f¡l¢R e¡z Bfe¡l¡ h¤T−a f¡−le-

“ej ej ej p¤¾cl£ jj See£ SeÈi¨¢j, N‰¡l a£l ¢pÀ‡ pj, £ lS£he S¤s¡−m

a¥¢jz”

BS B¢j kMe Y¡L¡u e¡j¢R, B¢j Bj¡l ®Q¡−Ml f¡¢e l¡M−a f¡¢l

e¡Cz B¢j S¡ea¡j e¡, ®k j¡¢V−L B¢j H®a¡ i¡mh¡¢p, ®k j¡e¤o−L B¢j

H−a¡ i¡−m¡h¡¢p, ®k S¡a−L B¢j H−a¡ i¡mh¡¢p, ®k h¡wm¡−cn−L B¢j

H−a¡ i¡−m¡h¡¢p, ®p h¡wm¡u B¢j ®k−a f¡l−h¡ ¢L e¡z BSB¢j h¡wm¡−c−n

¢g−l H−p¢Rz Bj¡l i¡C−cl L¡−R, Bj¡l j¡’−cl L¡−R, Bj¡l ®h¡e−cl L¡−Rz h¡wm¡ Bj¡l ü¡d£e, h¡wm¡l j¡e¤o BS Bj¡l ü¡d£ez

B¢j f¢ÕQj f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el i¡C−cl h¢m, ®a¡jl¡ p¤−M b¡−L¡z ®a¡j¡−cl

j−dÉ Bj¡−cl OªZ¡ e¡Cz ®a¡j¡−cl Bjl¡ nËÜ¡ Ll−a ®Qø¡ Ll−h¡z ®a¡j¡l

p¡j¢lL h¡¢qe£l ®m¡−Ll¡ k¡ L−l−R, Bj¡l j¡-®h¡−el Efl ®lf L−l−R,

Bj¡l ¢œn mr ®m¡L−L ®j−l −g−m ¢c−u−Rz k¡J p¤−M b¡−L¡z ®a¡jl¡ p¤−M b¡−L¡z ®a¡j¡−cl p−‰ Bl e¡z ®no q−u ®N−Rz ®a¡jl¡ ü¡d£e b¡−L¡, B¢jJ

ü¡d£e b¡¢Lz

−a¡j¡−cl p−‰ Bj¡l ü¡d£e ®c−nl e¡N¢lL ¢q−p−h hå¥ q−a f¡−l, a¡R¡s¡ hå¥ q−a f¡−l e¡z a−h, k¡l¡, AeÉ¡ui¡−h AeÉ¡u L−l−R a¡−cl pð−å

k−bø hÉhÙÛ¡ Ll¡ q−hz Bfe¡−cl L¡−R B¢j rj¡ Q¡Cz B−lL¢ce B¢j

hš²ªa¡ Ll−h¡z ¢LR¤ ¢ce f−l HLV¥ p¤ÙÛ q−u mCz Bfe¡l¡ ®cM−a f¡−µRe,

B¢j ®p j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡e HMe Bl e¡Cz Bj¡l h¡wm¡l ¢c−L Q¡C−m ®c−Me,

pj¡e q−u ®N−R S¡N¡, NË¡j NË¡j ®f¡s¡−u ¢c−u−Rz Hje ®L¡e gÉ¡¢j¢m e¡C,

k¡l j−dÉ Bj¡l ®m¡L−L qaÉ¡ Ll¡ qu e¡Cz La hs L¡f¤l¦o, ®k ¢elfl¡d e¡N¢lL−L Hi¡−h qaÉ¡ L−l; p¡j¢lL h¡¢qe£l ®m¡−Ll¡z Bl a¡l¡ h−m ¢L?

®k Bjl¡ f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el j¤pmj¡e p¡j¢lL h¡¢qe£z OªZ¡ Ll¡ E¢Qaz S¡e¡ E¢Qa

c¤¢eu¡l j−dÉ C−¾c¡−e¢nu¡l f−l HC h¡wm¡−cnC ¢àa£u Ù¡ Ûe j¤p¢mj L¡¢¾VÊz j¤pmj¡e pwMÉ¡u ®h¢n- ¢àa£u ÙÛ¡ez Bl C¢äu¡ a«a£u ÙÛ¡ez Bl f¢ÕQj f¡¢LÙ¹¡e Qa¥bÑ ÙÛ¡ez Bjl¡ j¤pmj¡ez j¤pmj¡e j¡-®h¡e−cl ®lf L−l! Bjl¡

j¤pmj¡ez Bj¡l l¡−øÊ HC h¡wm¡−c−n q−h pj¡Sa¿» hÉhÙÛ¡z HC h¡wm¡−c−n

q−h NZa¿»z HC h¡wm¡−c−n q−h djÑ¢el−fr l¡øÊz

k¡l¡ S¡e−a Q¡e, B¢j h−m ¢ch¡l Q¡Cz Bp¡l pju ¢c¢õ−a nË£j¢a

C¢¾cl¡ N¡å£l p−‰ I pju B−m¡Qe¡ q−u−Rz B¢j Bfe¡−cl hm−a f¡¢l,

®k−qa¥ S¡¢e B¢j ay¡−Lz ay¡−L B¢j nËÜ¡ L¢lz ®p f¢äa ®e−ql¦l LeÉ¡z ®p

j¢am¡m ®e−ql¦l ®R−ml ®j−uz ay¡l¡ l¡Se£¢a L−l−R, aÉ¡N L l−Rz ay¡l¡

BS−L  ®pM¡−e  i¡l−al  fËd¡ej¿»£  q−u−Rz  ®k¢ce  B¢j  hm−h¡,  ®pC¢ce

i¡l−al ®~peÉ h¡wm¡l j¡¢V ®R−s Q−m k¡−h Hhw ¢a¢e B−Ù¹ B−Ù¹ ¢LR¤ ¢LR¤ pl¡−u ¢e−µRez

a−h ®k p¡q¡kÉ L−l−Re B¢j Bj¡l p¡a ®L¡¢V c¤xM£ h¡P¡¢ml fr ®b−L C¢¾cl¡ N¡å£−L, a¡yl plL¡l−L, i¡l−al Sep¡d¡lZ−L ®j¡h¡l h¡c

S¡e¡C,  A¿¹−ll  A¿¹xÙÛm  ®b−L  deÉh¡c  S¡e¡Cz  hÉ¢š²Nai¡−hHje  ®L¡e l¡øÊfËd¡e e¡C, k¡l L¡−R ¢a¢e B¢fm L−le e¡C ®k, ®nM j¢ ¤Sh−L ®R−s c¡Jz

¢a¢e ¢e−S hÉ¢š²Nai¡−h c¤¢eu¡l pLm l¡−øÊl L¡−R h−m−Re, ®a¡jl¡ Cu¡¢qu¡

M¡e−L hm ®nM j¤¢Sh−L ®R−s ®ch¡l SeÉ, HLV¡ l¡S®~e¢aL pm¤Éne Ll¡l

SeÉz

HL −L¡¢V −m¡L j¡a«i¨¢j aÉ¡N L−l ®L¡−e¡ ®c−n Q−m ®N−Rz Hje A−eL ®cn B−R ®kM¡−e ®m¡L pwMÉ¡ cn m¡M, f−e−l¡ m¡M, ¢hn m¡M, ¢œn

m¡M, Q¢õn m¡M, f’¡n m¡Mz naLl¡ o¡VV¡ l¡øÊ B−R, k¡l

SepwMÉ¡ HL ®L¡¢Vl Ljz Bl Bj¡l h¡wm¡ ®b−L HL ®L¡¢V ®m¡L j¡a«i¨¢jl

j¡u¡ aÉ¡N L−l i¡l−a ÙÛ¡e ¢e−u¢R−m¡z La ®pM¡−e Ap¤ÙÛ AhÙÛ¡u j¡l¡ ®N−R,

La e¡ ®M−u Lø ®f−u−R, La Ol-h¡¢s SÆ¡¢m−u ¢c−u−R HC f¡o−äl cmz

rj¡ L−l¡ Bj¡l i¡C−ul¡, rj¡ L−l¡z BS Bj¡l L¡−l¡ ¢hl¦−Ü fË¢a¢qwp¡ e¡Cz HLV¡ j¡e¤o−L ®a¡jl¡ ¢LR¤ h−m¡ e¡z AeÉ¡u ®k L−l−R a¡−L

p¡S¡ ®c−h¡z BCe nª´Mm¡ ®a¡j¡−cl q¡−a ¢eJ e¡z j¤¢š²h¡¢qe£l k¤hLl¡,

®a¡jl¡ Bj¡l p¡m¡j NËqZ L−l¡z R¡œpj¡S, ®a¡jl¡ Bj¡l p¡m¡j NËqZ L−l¡z nË¢jLpj¡S, ®a¡jl¡ Bj¡l p¡m¡j NËqZ L−l¡z L«oL pj¡S, ®a¡ l¡ Bj¡l

p¡m¡j NËqZ Llz ®a¡jl¡ L−l¡, h¡wm¡l qai¡NÉ ¢q¾c¤-j¤pmj¡e Bj¡l p¡m¡j

NËqZ L−l¡z

Bl Bj¡l ®k LjÑQ¡l£l¡, ®k f¤¢mn, C¢fBl, k¡−cl Efl −j¢neN¡e

Q¡¢m−u ®cu¡ q−u−R, k¡l¡ j¡-®h¡e aÉ¡N L−l f¡¢m−u ¢N−u−R, a¡l Ù»£−cl ®NËga¡l L−l L¥¢jÑ−V¡m¡ ¢e−u k¡Ju¡ q−u−R, ®a¡j¡−cl pLm−L B¢j p¡m¡j

S¡e¡C, ®a¡j¡−cl pLm−L B¢j nËÜ¡ S¡e¡Cz

ea¥e L−l N−s EW−h h  H HC C  h h¡ ¡ww wwmm mm ¡zz zz  hh hh¡ ¡ww wmm mm ¡ll ll  j j¡ ¡e e¤oo ¤oo q qq¡¡ ¡¡p p−− −−hh hhz z hh hh¡ ¡w wmmmm¡ llll   jj ¡¡ ee ¤o¤o  ®Mm−hz h¡wm¡l j¡e¤o j¤š² q¡Ju¡u h¡p Ll−hz h¡wm¡l j¡e oo¤oo ®®®®fV i−−−−l i¡a

M¡−hz HC Bj¡l S£h−el p¡de¡, HC Bj¡l S£h−el L¡jÉz B¢®kkke HC

Lb¡ ¢Q¿¹¡ L−lC jl−a f¡¢l--- -HCCCC ®c¡u¡, HC Bn£hÑ¡c Bfe¡l¡ Bj¡−L Ll−hez HC Lb¡ h−m Bfe¡−cl L¡−R ®b−L ¢hc¡u ®eh¡l Q¡Cz Bj¡l

pqLj£Ñ−cl B¢j pLm−L deÉh¡c S¡e¡Cz k¡l¡ Bj¡l, k¡−cl B¢j ®k Lb¡

h−m ®N¢Rm¡j, a¡l¡ pL−m, ka HM¡−e B−R A¡j¡l, a¡l¡ HLSe HLSe

L−l a¡ fËj¡Z L−l ¢c−u−R, ®k e¡, j¤¢Sh i¡C h−m ®N−R, ®a¡jl¡ pwNË¡j L−l¡, ®a¡jl¡ ü¡d£e L−l¡, ®a¡jl¡ S¡e c¡J, h¡wm¡l j¡e¤o−L j¤š² L−l¡z Bj¡l SeÉ ¢Q¿¹¡ L−l¡ e¡z B¢j Qmm¡jz k¢c ¢g−l B¢p, B¢j S¡¢e B¢j

¢g−l Bp−a f¡l−h¡ e¡z ¢L¿º Bõ¡q B−R, a¡C BS B¢j Bfe¡−cl L¡−R

¢g−l H−p¢Rz

−a¡j¡−cl B¢j, Bj¡l pqLj£Ñl¡, ®a¡j¡−cl B¢j ®j¡h¡lLh¡c S¡e¡Cz B¢j S¡¢e, L£ Lø ®a¡jl¡ L−l−R¡z B¢j L¡l¡N¡−l h¢¾c ¢Rm¡jz 9

j¡p fkÑ¿¹ Bj¡−L L¡NS ®cJu¡ qu e¡Cz H Lb¡ paÉ- Bp¡l pju i¥−VÊ¡ p¡−qh Bj¡−L h−m¢R−me, ®nM p¡h, ®Qø¡ L−le c¤C Awn−L ®L¡e HLV¡ h¡yd−e l¡M¡ k¡u ¢Le¡z B¢j hmm¡j, B¢j ¢LR¤ hm−a f¡¢l e¡z B¢j ®L¡b¡u B¢R S¡¢e e¡z Bj¡l h¡wm¡−c−nl j¡¢V−a ®k−u B¢j hm−h¡z BS hm¢R, i¥−VÊ¡ p¡−qh, p¤−M b¡−L¡, hy¡de V¥−V ®N−R, Bl e¡z a¥¢j k¢c ®L¡e ¢h−no n¢š²l p−‰ ®N¡fe fl¡jnÑ L−l, Bj¡l h¡wm¡l ü¡d£ea¡ qlZ Ll−a Q¡J,

Hh¡l j−e −lM, Hh¡l c−ml ®ea«aÄ ®c−h ®nM j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡ez j−l k¡−h, ü¡d£ea¡ Bl q¡l¡−a ®c−h¡ e¡z

i¡C−ul¡ Bj¡l, Bj¡l 4 mr h¡P¡¢m B−R f¢ÕQj f¡¢LÙ¹¡−ez B¢j Ae¤−l¡d Ll−h¡, a−h HLV¡ ¢S¢ep B¢j hm−a Q¡C, ®a¡j¡−cl HÉ¡f˦i¡m ¢eu¡ Bj¡l pqLj£Ñl¡, C¾V¡leÉ¡ne¡m ®g¡l¡−j, S¡¢apw−Ol ašÅ¡hd¡−e Abh¡ Ju¡ôÑ S¤¢l H−p¡¢p−un−el f−rl ®b−L HLV¡ Ce−L¡u¡¢l q−a q−hz ®k L£ f¡n¢hL AaÉ¡Q¡l, −ki¡−h qaÉ¡ L−l−R Bj¡−cl ®m¡L−cl, H paÉ c¤¢eu¡l j¡e¤o−L S¡e¡−a q−hz B¢j c¡¢h Ll−h¡ S¡¢apwO−L, C−j¢X−uV¢m h¡wm¡−cn−L Bpe

c¡J Hhw Ce−L¡u¡¢l L−l¡z

i¡C−ul¡ Bj¡l, k¢c ®LE ®Qø¡ L−le, i¥m Ll−hez B¢j S¡¢e osk¿» ®no qu e¡Cz p¡hd¡e h¡P¡¢ml¡, osk¿» ®no qu e¡Cz HL¢ce h−m¢Rm¡j, O−l O−l c¤NÑ N−s ®~a¢l L−l¡, h−m¢Rm¡j? h−m¢Rm¡j, k¡l k¡ B−R a¡C ¢e−u k¤Ü L−l¡, h−m¢Rm¡j? h−m¢Rm¡j, H pwNË¡j ü¡d£ea¡l pwNË¡j, j¤¢š²l pwNË¡jz HC S¡uN¡u, 7C j¡QÑ a¡¢l−Mz BS h−m k¡¢µR, ®a¡jl¡ ¢WL b¡−L¡z HLa¡hÜ b¡−L¡, L¡−l¡ Lb¡ ö−e¡ e¡z Cen¡õ¡q, ü¡d£e kMe q−u¢R, ü¡d£e b¡L−h¡z HLSe j¡e¤o HC h¡wm¡−c−n ®hy−Q b¡L−a fkÑ¿¹ pwNË¡j Qm−hz

BS A¡¢j Bl hš²ªa¡ Ll−a f¡l¢R e¡z HLV¥ p¤ÙÛ q−m Bh¡l hš²ªa¡ Ll−h¡z A¡fe¡l¡ Bj¡−l j¡g L−l ®cez Bfe¡l¡ Bj¡−L ®c¡u¡ L−lez

Bfe¡l¡ Bj¡−L ®c¡u¡ Ll−hez Bfe¡l¡ Bj¡l p¡−b pL−m BS−L HLV¡ ®j¡e¡S¡a L−lez”  

1970 p¡−m SeNZ S¡¢al ¢fa¡−L 1975 p¡m fkÑ¿¹ −cn f¢lQ¡me¡ Ll¡l rja¡ fËc¡e L−l¢Rmz avfl ab¡ 1975 p¡−ml fl pw¢hd¡e fËZu−el Lb¡ h−m S¡¢al ¢fa¡ f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el ja eu hvpl, i¡l−al ja 3 hvpl 6 j¡p Hhw B−j¢lLl¡l ja 11 hvpl BlJ rja¡u b¡L−a f¡l−aez

Ab¡Ñv S¡¢al SeL 1975 ®b−L A¿¹ax 10 hvpl ab¡ 1985 p¡m fkÑ¿¹ pw¢hd¡e fËZu−el Lb¡ h−m ¢e¢hÑ−OÀ b¡L−a f¡l−aez â¦a pw¢hd¡e fËZue L−l ¢ehÑ¡Qe ®cJu¡l Lb¡ avL¡m£e pj−u SeNZ c¡h£C L−le e¡Cz L¡lZ SeNZ ü¡d£e ®cn ®f−u aMe Be¾c EcÚk¡fe Ll¢Rmz ¢L¿º S¡¢al ¢fa¡ 1985 p¡m fkÑ¿¹ ®cn f¢lQ¡me¡l p¤−k¡N ®f−uJ a¡l f§−hÑC â¦a SeNZ−L n¡pea¿» ®cJu¡l a¡¢N−c Hhw ®c−n NZa¿» Hhw BC−el n¡pe ®cJu¡l fË−u¡S−e 1972 p¡−ml 10C S¡e¤k¡u£ f¡¢LÙ¹¡−el L¡l¡N¡l ®b−L −c−n ¢g−l 1972 p¡−ml 4W¡ e−iðl NZf¢lo−c pw hd¡e NËqZ J f¡p L−lez 16C ¢X−pðl 1972 pw¢hd¡e L¡kÑLl L−l 1973 p¡−m Eš² pw¢hd¡−el Ad£−e ¢ehÑ¡Qe Ae¤ù¡e L−l SeN−Zl rja¡ SeNZ−L ¢g¢l−u ¢c−u fª¢bh£l C¢aq¡−p ¢hlm J AeeÉ e¢Sl ÙÛ¡fe L−lez

S¡¢al SeL BC−el n¡p−e ¢hnÄ¡p£ ¢R−mez a¡C−a¡ ¢a¢e HLLi¡−h 1985 p¡m fkÑ¿¹ rja¡u b¡L¡l p¤−k¡N ®f−uJ S¡¢a−L pw¢hd¡e ab¡ n¡pea¿» fËc¡e L−l ¢e−SC a¡l Ad£−e Q−m k¡e Hhw pw¢hd¡e Hl ¢hd¡e Ar−l Ar−l ®j−e Q−mez

a¡C−a¡ S¡¢al ¢fa¡ h‰hå¥ ®nM j¤¢Sh¤l lqj¡e HHHHLLLL¢c−−−−L ®®kkk kj jeee e ¢ ¢RRRR−−−−mme e hh¡ ¡‰‰¡ ¡mm££l l A¢hpwh¡¢da ®ea¡ ®aj¢e ¢a¢e ¢R−me pv J BcnÑ ¢hnÄ ®ea¡z Hac pppÚpwœ²¡¡¡¡¿¹ ¹ ¹ ¹ ¢h¢iæ NZj¡dÉj J hÉ¢š²l hš²hÉ J ¢hhª¢a ¢e−jÀ A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe q−m¡x

j¤¢Sh e¡ b¡L−m h¡wm¡−cn LM−e¡C S¾j ¢ea e¡

¢hТVn °c¢eL ¢ge¡¢¾pu¡m V¡Cjp

“Bangladesh would never have been born without Mujib”

-British Daily Financial Times

p§œx h¡wm¡−cn fТa¢ce, 15 BNØV 2018

−nM j¤¢Sh ¢R−me HL ¢hpÈuLl hÉ¢š²aÅ

¢hТVn °c¢eL c cÉ É  NNN N¡ ¡¢ ¢X XÑu Ñu¡ ¡e e “Sheikh  Mujib  was  an  amazing

personality”

-British Daily The Guardian

p§œx ¯ ¯c c¢¢ ¢¢ee eeLL LL SeeeeLã, 18 BNØV 2018

h‰hå¥l  7C j j¡¡ ¡¡− −Q QÑlÑl II II¢¢ ¢¢a aq q¡ ¡¢ ¢p pLL LL  i i¡¡ ¡¡o oZ Z  ¢ ¢h hnn nnÄ Ä Ä Ä  f fССjj jj¡ ¡Z ZÉ É  I¢a−qÉl Awn

CE−e−ú¡

“The historic 7th March Speech of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is a part of the world’s documentary heritage”

-UNESCO

p§œx ¢ ¢c c ®®XXC C¢ ¢mm  ØØVVVV¡ ¡l l, , 3 311 1  AA−− −−ƒ ƒ¡ ¡h hhl ll  2 20 01 177 7

ay¡l AeeÉ p¡d¡lZ p¡q¢pLa¡ H¢nu¡ J B¢éL¡l SeÉÉ É  ¢Rm ®fÐlZ¡c¡uL

C¢¾cl¡ N¡å£ p¡−hL fÐd¡ej¿»£, i¡la

“His extraordinary heroism has been a source of inspiration for the people of Asia and Africa”

-Indira Gandhi, Former Prime Minister, Republic of India

p§œx http://mujib100.gov.bd/pages/mujib/recognition

−nM j¤¢Sh ®Lhm h‰hå¥ ee ¢a¢e BS ®b−L ¢hnÄhå¥

l−jn Q¾c Ð

p¡−hL ®p−œ²V¡¢l ®Se¡−lm, Ju¡ôÑ ¢fp L¡E¢¾pm

“Sheikh Mujib is not just the Bangabandhu (Friend of Bangladesh), from today he is also the Viswabandhu (Friend of the World)”

-Ramesh Chandra, Former Secretary General, World Peace Council

p§œx https://www.7thmarch.com/people-on-bangabandhu

B−f¡oq£e pwNË¡j£ ®ea«aÅ Bl L¥p¤j ®L¡jm q©cu ¢Rm j¤¢Sh Q¢l−œl °h¢nøÉ

Cu¡¢pl Bl¡g¡a

p¡−hL ®fТp−X¾V,fÉ¡−m¢ØV¢eu¡e eÉ¡ne¡m Ab¢l¢V

“The greatest attribute of Mujib’s character was the blend of an uncompromising and combative leadership with a soft, sympathetic heart”

-Yasser  Arafat,  Former  President,  Palestinian National Authority

p§œx https://www.7thmarch.com/people-on-bangabandhu

B¢j  ¢qj¡mu  ®c¢M¢e  h‰hå¥−L  ®c−M¢R h hÉÉ ÉÉ¢ ¢š š² ²aa aaÅ  Å J J  ¢e¢iÑLa¡u HC j¡e¤o¢V ¢qj¡m−ul j−a¡

¢g−cm LÉ¡−ØVÌ¡ p¡−hL l¡oVÊf¢a, ¢LEh¡

“I  have  not  seen  the  Himalayas.  But  I have  seen  Sheikh  Mujib.  In  personality and  in  courage,  this  man  is  the Himalayas.”

-Fidel Castro, Former President, Republic of Cuba ppœœœ§§œxx 

http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/70028

h‰hå¥ qaÉ¡L¡−ä h¡wm¡−cnC öd¤ H¢aj qu¢e ¢hnÄh¡p£ q¡¢l−u−R HL jq¡e p¿¹¡e−L

−Sjp m¡jä        p¡−hL ¢hТVn Hj¢f

“The murder of Bangabandhu makes not only Bangladesh an orphan, but also the world loses a great child”

-James  Lamond,  Former  British  Member  of Parliament

p§œx  ¢c ®XC¢m ØV¡l, 31 A−ƒ¡hl 2017

−f¡−uV Ah f¢m¢V„

¢eES ECL B−j¢lL¡l p¡ç¡¢qL ¢eES jÉ¡N¡¢Se  

 “Poet of politics.”

-Newsweek, American Weekly News Magazine

p§œx https://www.7thmarch.com/people-on-bangabandhu

−a¡jl¡ Bj¡lC ®cJu¡ VÉ¡wL ¢c−u Bj¡l hå¥ j¤¢Sh−L qaÉ¡ L−lR B¢j ¢e−SC ¢e−S−L A¢in¡f ¢c¢µR

B−e¡u¡l p¡c¡a p¡−hL l¡oVÊf¢a, ¢jnl

“You killed my friend Mujib with my tank! I curse myself”

-Anwar Sadat, Former President, Egypt

p§œx °c¢eL SeLã, 18 BNØV 2018

k¡l¡ j¤¢Sh−L qaÉ¡ L−l−R a¡l¡ ®k−L¡−e¡ SOeÉ L¡S Ll−a f¡−l

EC¢m hÐÉ¡¾V −e¡−hm ¢hSu£ S¡jÑ¡e QÉ¡−¾pml

“Those who have murdered Mujib can do any despicable job”

-Willy Brandt, Nobel Laureate Chancellor of Germany

p§œx https://www.7thmarch.com/people-on-bangabandhu

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hСu¡e hÉ¡le cÉ ¢m−pe¡l, mäe

“Sheikh Mujib will be officially restored to the highest seats in the history of Bangladesh and the hearts of the people. It’s just a matter of time”

-Brian Barron, The Listener, London

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Eæu−el p¤−k¡N ®b−L h¢’a Ll¡ k¡−h e¡z AbÑ v L L¡¡ ¡¡E E− −LL LL hh hh¡ ¡c c − −l l− −M M ® ®L L¡ ¡e e E Eææ ææu uee ee e eu uz HC Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) …−m¡ ¢L Hhw ¢L f¢œ²u¡u HC mrÉ…−m¡ °al£ q−m¡ ®p pÇf−LÑ S¡¢a pw−Ol J−uh ®fS ®b−L ¢e−¾j A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe Ll¡ q−m¡ x

WHAT ARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS?

Sustainable Development Goals, also known as the Global Goals, are the architecture of the global plan for better future. That plan is called 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all the UN member states, represents the vision of a better world and clear direction to the mankind for advancement of quality of life in the period 2015-2030. It directs countries’ development towards eradication of poverty and hunger,  reduction of inequalities, improvement of education, gender equality, addressing climate change, responsible consumption, preservation of biodiversity, economic empowerment and towards strengthening institutions essential for human rights protection, peace and justice.

In a nutshell- sustainable Development Goals are the global guidance towards better, sustainable future.

The 2030 Agenda is, above all, inclusive plan. Sustainable Development Goals particularly focus on empowering marginalised groups, such as women, children, elderly, poor, disabled, refugees, etc. That is way the key principle of SDGs is: Leave no one behind!

The 2030 Agenda is, above all, inclusive plan. Sustainable Development Goals particularly focus on empowering marginalised groups, such as women, children, elderly, poor, disable, refugees, etc. That is why the key principle of SDGs is: Leave no one behind!

HELEN KLARK, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations and UNDP Administrator

All 17 SDGs are interconnected. It is impossible to address them separately. In order to have them achieved, it is essential to address them integrally, as a broader developmental framework set to enable better quality of life for all in next 15 years. Therefore, partnership is crucial for achievement of 17 SDGs. It is of utmost importance to establish cooperation among governments, civil society, international organisations, private sector and individuals.

Member states already committed to incorporate SDGs in their developmental policies. But sustainable development is possible only if all of us work towards achievement of these goals. And how to do it? Well, quite simple. By starting from ourselves. From our community. Accomplishment of the 2030 Agenda will be contributed by even the smallest actions such as rational water consumption, respect of diversities in local community, planting one new tree, equal treatment of men and women, girls and boys, responsible treatment of the resources and environment, etc. Any of those actions will contribute to the achievement of the vision of a better world envisaged by the Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030.

HOW THE SDGS WERE MADE?

This is the first developmental agenda which was created, not exclusively by leaders and polititians, but also by ordinary citizens. During the Post-2015 consultations organised in the period 2013-2015, more than 8 million people around the world clearly said in what kind of world they want to live in. By doing so, they helped UN member states, all 193 of them, to create and adopt this ambitious plan at the UN General Assembly in September 2015, as a vision of a better world by 2030.

Montenegro had an active role in this process. More than 12.000 citizens i.e. 2% of its population, participated in post-millennium national consultations.

Sustainable Development Goals are continuation of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), the largest anti-poverty push in the history of mankind, in the period of 2000-2015. The MDGs enabled human kind to cut in half the extreme poverty, to increase education rate, to decrease child mortality as well as to stop HIV/AIDS and malaria epidemics, but also to advance the position of women in may societies around the glove. The Sustainable Development Goals build on reaching the vision of better world by 2030.

AbÑ¡v S¡¢apw−Ol −ea«−aÅ fª¢bh£l pLm S¡¢a l¡øÌ HC A‰£L¡l L−le ®k, pLm−L ab¡ pLm ja J fb−L p¡−b ¢e−u 2030 p¡−ml j−dÉ ®VLpC Eæue mrÉj¡œ¡ ASÑe Ll−hz

HV¡ BS ¢hnÄhÉ¡f£ p¤fТa¢ùa e£¢a ®k, p¢aÉL¡l ®VLpC Eæuu−eeeel AeÉaj f§h§h§h§hÑnaÑ q−m¡ pL−ml AwnNËqZz AbÑ¡v pLm fÐL¡l ja, fb Hl AwnNËqZ ¢iæ ®L¡eee ÙÙÙÙÛ¡u£ Eææææue pñh euz

Bj¡−cl f¢hœ ®L¡lBe nl£−g h¢ZÑa B−R ®k,

“THERE SHALL BE NO COMPULSION IN [ACCEPTANCE OF] THE RELIGION”

(QURAN 2:256)

Cpm¡j ¢p¢V e¡jL Aem¡Ce f¢œL¡u (www.islamcity.org) fÐL¡¢na j¢Sc Bl¢hm (MAJD ARBIL) Hl ®mM¡ “The compassion of the Prophet towards those who abused him” (fÐL¡¢na 26®n S¤e 2018) H Bjl¡ Bj¡−cl ¢fÐu eh£ qkla j¤q¡Çjc (px) Hl n¡¢¿¹, eÉ¡u¢hQ¡l, fСZ Hhw f¢l−h−nl A¢dL¡l ¢houL ¢Q¿¹¡ ®Qae¡ −cM−a f¡C k¡ ¢e−¾j A¢hLm Ae¤¢mMe q−m¡x

“Prophet Muhammad started the message of Islam in Arabia at a time when human rights had no meaning, might was right and the society was entrenched in paganism. In this environment, Prophet Muhammad taught a message of justice, peace, human rights, animal rights and even environmental rights as ordained by God, the One True Creator of all that is in the universe.

God has shown us in the character of Prophet Muhammad the model of a companionate person. He treated everyone, friends and foe, man and woman, young and old, with kindness and respect.

Even when the pagan Arabs reacted to the message of the Prophet with extreme hatred he showed love and kindness. The following examples. from the life of the Prophet show us how we showed react when faced with hat red.

We can see one of the most patient and tolerant aspects of the Prophet’s character in the incident of an old woman who made a habit of throwing trash in the way of the Holy Prophet Muhammad whenever he passed by her house.

The story related about this incident, mentions a neighbor of the prophet that tried her best to irritate him by throwing garbage in his way every day. One day, when he walked out of his home there was no garbage. This made the Prophet inquire about the old woman and he came to know that she was sick. The Prophet went to visit her and offer any assistance she might need. The old woman was extremely humble and at the same time ashamed of her actions in light of the concern that the Prophet showed her.

By seeing the example of compassion of Prophet Muhammad she became convinced that Islam must be a true religion that the Prophet was preaching.

Another incident that is reported from the life of the Prophet is when the Prophet traveled to a neighboring town of Taif.

In Taif he thought be respectable to the message of Almighty God. The people of Taif turned out to be as hateful as the people of Makkah. The elders of the town planned an organized campaign to ridicule the Prophet. To escalate their disapproval of the Prophet and prevent him from preaching Islam, they set a group of children and vagabonds behind him. They pestered him and threw stones at him. Tired, forsaken and wounded, he sought refuge in a nearby garden. It belonged to Atabah and Shaibah, two wealthy chiefs of Quraish.

They were both there when Prophet Muhammad entered and sat under a distant tree. The Prophet raised his face towards heaven and prayed. “O Almighty! I raise unto you, my complaint for my weakness, my helplessness, and for the ridicule to which I have been subjected. O merciful! You are the Master of all oppressed people, You are my God! So to whom would You consign me? To the strangers who would ill-treat me, or to the enemies who have an upper hand over Me? It whatever has befallen me is not because of Your wrath, the I fear not. No doubt, the field of Your security and care is wide enough for me. I seek refuge in Your light which illuminates the darkness and straightens the affairs of this world and hereafter, that Your displeasure and wrath may not descend upon me. For the sake of Your pleasure, I remain pleased and resigned to my fate. No change in this world occurs without Your Will.”

Atabah and Shaibah were watching. They sent for their servant named Adaas and gave him a plate full of grapes. “Take this to that man under the tree,” they ordered. So he brought the grapes to Prophet Muhammad.

As the Prophet picked the grapes he said, “Bismillahir Rahmaanir Rahim” (In the Name of God, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate). Adaas had never heard this before. He was impressed by it, because the Prophet was invoking mercy and compassion of Almighty in spite of all the hardship he was subjected to.

“Who are You?” Adaas asked. Muhammad replied, “I am the Prophet of God. Where do you come from?”

The servant said: “I am Adaas, a Christian. I come from Nainava.”

“Nainava? You come from a place where my brother Yunus bin Mati (Jonah son of Mati) lived,” the Prophet said. Adaas was surprised to hear the name.

“What do you know of Yunus? Here no one seems to know him. Even in Nainava there were hardly ten people who knew his father’s name.”

The Prophet said: “Yes, I know him because just like me, he was a Prophet of Almighty God.”

Adaas fell on his knees before the Prophet, kissed his hand and embraced him.

It is further reported that after the Prophet took refuge from the stone-throwing mob, Angel Jibrael came to the Prophet and asked him if he so wished Jibrael would give the command to bury the city between two mountains. Although the prophet had suffered a great deal at the hands of these people, he replied that he did not wish destruction for the people of Taif because may be their off spring would proclaim the religion of truth.

The Islamic scholar Iman Ghazali (1058-1111 C. E.) summarizes the information he collected in the hadith regarding our Prophet’s compassionate attitude to all those around him as follows:

“He was far from knowing anger and quickly showed compassion for things. He was the most loving of men toward other people. He was the most auspicious of men and did the most good to others, and the most useful and beneficial to others.”

The Quran says that Prophet was sent as a mercy to the worlds. If we are to honor the Prophet, it will be by adopting the sublime character of our Prophet and not through the emotions of anger and hate.”

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Hhw Hl j¡dÉ−j 2030 p¡−ml j−dÉ ®VLpC Eæu−el ®k mrÉj¡œ ¢ÙÛl Ll¡ B−R a¡ ASÑe Ll−a f¡l−h¡z

B−j¢lL¡l BQÑ¢hnf (American archbishop) Fulton J. Sheen h−m−Re ®k,

“There is no other subject on which the average mind is so much confused as the subject of tolerance and intolerance..

Tolerance applies only to persons, but never to principles. Intolerance applies only to principles, but never to persons.”

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pw¢hd¡−el fÐÙ¹¡he¡u pwk¤š² L−l−Re,

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